PSPO-I Online Practice Questions and Answers

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: When forming a Scrum team, it is important to ensure that the team has all the skills and knowledge necessary to deliver a working product12. The Scrum team should be cross-functional and self-managing, without relying on external experts or team leads34. Therefore, the question of how to make sure all teams have the right amount of expertise is a good first question to consider when forming into teams.

Correct Answer: A

Correct Answer: D

The work to make sure Product Backlog items conform to the Definition of Done is done by the Developers. This is because:

The Developers are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment in every Sprint. They must ensure that every Product Backlog item they work on meets the Definition of Done before it is considered complete. The Definition of Done is a

formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product. It is a shared understanding among the Scrum Team and the stakeholders of what "Done" means for any Product Backlog item that

is selected for a Sprint. The Developers are self-managing professionals who organize and manage their own work. They decide how to best accomplish their work, rather than being directed by others outside the Scrum Team.

Other options, such as the Product Owner, the Quality Assurance Team, the Scrum Team, or the Scrum Master, are not responsible for making sure Product Backlog items conform to the Definition of Done. They may have different roles and

accountabilities in Scrum, but they do not do the actual work of creating a "Done" Increment.

References:

[Scrum Guide], page 7, section "Developers"

[Scrum Guide], page 10, section "Definition of Done" [Scrum Guide], page 7, section "The Scrum Team"

Correct Answer: BCD

Explanation: A Product Backlog is:

Managed by the Product Owner. The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog, which is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. They must ensure that the Product Backlog

is transparent, visible, and understood by everyone who needs to work on it.

An inventory of things to be done for the Product. The Product Backlog contains all the features, functions, requirements, enhancements, and fixes that constitute the changes to be made to the product in future releases. The Product Backlog

items have a description, an order, an estimate, and a value. Ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk. The Product Owner orders the Product Backlog items based on various factors that affect their importance and urgency

for the product. These may include customer needs, business value, stakeholder feedback, technical dependencies, or market opportunities.

Other options, such as an exhaustive list of upfront approved requirements to be implemented or only visible to the Product Owner and stakeholders, are not valid descriptions of a Product Backlog. They may reflect a misunderstanding of

what a Product Backlog is or how Scrum works.

References:

[Scrum Guide], page 6, section "Product Owner"

[Scrum Guide], page 11, section "Product Backlog" [Professional Scrum Product OwnerTM Training], page 7, section "Product Backlog Management"

Correct Answer: B

Correct Answer: B

The value delivered by a product can not be determined by revenue alone, because:

Revenue is only one aspect of value, and it may not reflect the true impact or benefit of the product for the stakeholders, the users, and the society. For example, a product may generate high revenue, but also cause environmental damage,

ethical issues, or customer dissatisfaction. Value is a subjective and relative concept, and it may vary depending on the context, the perspective, and the criteria of the evaluation. For example, a product may have different value for different

segments of customers, or for different markets or regions.

Value is dynamic and emergent, and it may change over time due to various factors, such as feedback, competition, innovation, or regulation. For example, a product may lose its value as new alternatives or solutions become available, or as

customer needs or preferences evolve.

References:

Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team." Scrum Guide 2020, page 11: "The Product Goal describes a future state of the product

which can serve as a target for the Scrum Team to plan against." Scrum Guide 2020, page 11: "The Product Owner is accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes ... optimizing the value of the work the Scrum

Team performs."

Correct Answer: CD

The practices that might help the Product Owner minimize waste in developing and sustaining the Product Backlog are:

Remove items from the Product Backlog that have not been addressed in a long time. This helps keep the Product Backlog relevant, concise, and focused on delivering value. Items that have not been addressed in a long time may indicate

that they are not important, feasible, or desirable anymore. They may also clutter or confuse the Product Backlog and make it harder to order and prioritize. Only fully describe Product Backlog items when it seems likely they will be

implemented. This helps avoid spending too much time or effort on items that may change or be discarded later. Items that are likely to be implemented soon should have more detail and precision than items that are further away or uncertain.

The level of detail and precision required for each item depends on its order, size, and complexity.

Other options, such as avoiding distracting the Scrum Team by maintaining newly gathered Product Backlog items in a separate Product Backlog until they are fully understood or handing off ownership of the Product Backlog to someone

else, are not practices that might help minimize waste in developing and sustaining the Product Backlog. They may actually create more waste by reducing transparency, collaboration, alignment, or ownership.

References:

[Scrum Guide], page 11, section "Product Backlog" [Scrum Guide], page 6, section "Product Owner"

[Scrum Guide], page 12, section "Product Backlog Refinement"

Correct Answer: B

The Scrum Team is a self-managing unit that organizes its own work and delivers a valuable product1. The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers2. The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a

valuable, useful Increment every Sprint[3][3]. If a Developer is having conflicts with other team members that affect the delivery of the Increment, the Scrum Team is responsible for resolving the issue and deciding whether to remove the

Developer from the team or not. The Product Owner, the Scrum Master, and the hiring manager do not have the authority to remove a Developer from the Scrum Team, as this would violate the principle of self-management4.

References:

1: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 5

2: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 6 [3][3]: The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 9

4: Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework, Scrum.org, accessed on December 16, 2023

Correct Answer: C

A sprint review is a collaborative event where the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and determine future adaptations12. It is not a mechanism to control, reward, or punish the Developers, nor is it just a demo of the work done.

Correct Answer: D

The Scrum Guide states that "Sprints have consistent durations throughout a development effort. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint."1 This means that there is no gap or break between Sprints, and the

Scrum Team does not need to spend extra time to prepare for the next Sprint. The Scrum Team should be able to start the next Sprint Planning right after the Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective of the previous Sprint. The Scrum Team

should also ensure that the testing and documentation of the work are done within the Sprint, and not left for later.

References:

1: The Scrum Guide2, page 9

2: The Scrum Guide