There is a story of an intensive care unit (ICU) at Dominican Hospital in Santa Cruz Country, California. Dominican, a 379-bed community hospital, is part of the 41-hospital Catholic Healthcare West system. "We used to replace ventilator circuit for incubated patients daily because we thought this helped to prevent pneumonia," explained Lee Vanderpool, vice president. "But the evidence shows that the more you interfere with that device, the more often you risk introducing infection. It turns out it is often better to leave it alone until it begins to become cloudy, or `gunky,' as the no clinicians say."
The hospital staff learned an important lesson from this experience that:
A. Evidence is more powerful than intuition
B. Intuition is more powerful than evidence
C. Efforts improve mortality rate
D. Introduction of a new protocol, or any new idea, involves education
Efficiency refers how well resources are used in achieving a given result. Efficiency ________ whenever the resources used to produce a given output are _____________.
A. Reduces, reduced
B. Increases, increased
C. Improves, reduced
D. It is truly situation dependent
When formulating medical standards, a critical decision that must be made is the _____ at which the standard should be set.
A. Depth
B. Clarity
C. Level
D. utility of measurement
_________________ standards denote level of quality that can be reached under the best conditions, typically conditions similar to those under which efficacy is determined. These standards are especially useful as a reference points being evaluated should set as a benchmark.
A. Optimal standards
B. Minimal standards
C. Achievable standards
D. Something in between
Rapid cycle testing is designed to reduce the cycle time of new process implementation from months to days.
To prevent unnecessary delays in testing or implementation, teams or units using rapid cycle testing must remain focused on the testing of solutions and avoid:
A. Over-analysis
B. Multiple PDSA cycles
C. Buy-in
D. Focused testing
Which of the following process can be judged as having highest quality of care?
A. Successful completion of a surgical operation
B. Successful completion of a surgical operation and a good recovery
C. Successful completion of a surgical operation, a good recovery and ascertaining that the operation was indicated
D. Successful completion of a surgical operation, a good recovery and ascertaining that the operation was not indicated
This example shows the relationship between:
A. A concept and specific measures
B. Specific indicator and milestone
C. Specific measures and specific indicators
D. Effectiveness and concept
To identify outpatient data sources, the team should consider the following questions EXCEPT: (Choose two.)
A. Is the physician in organized medical groups that have outpatient electronic medical records, which could be a source of data? Will their financial or billing systems be able to identify all patients with diabetes in their practices? If not, can the health plans in the area supply the data by practice site or individual physician?
B. Some of the most important diabetes measures are based on laboratory testing. Do the physicians have their own labs? If so, do they achieve the laboratory data for 12-24-month snapshot? If they do not do their own lab testing, do they use a common reference lab that would be able to supply the data?
C. Do the measures selected by team reflect the aspects of care that have the most influence on patient's outcome?
D. Are the source outpatient data the same as inpatient data?
The ability to report survey results at an actionable level is critical; in most cases, actionable level means: (Choose two.)
A. The nursing unit
B. Location of service
C. Average time frame of a service
D. Service level
Which of the following types of budgets itemizes the major equipment to be purchased in the next year?
A. Capital
B. Variable
C. Operating
D. Zero-based