ARTIFICIAL-INTELLIGENCE-FOUNDATION Online Practice Questions and Answers

Correct Answer: B

https://research.com/careers/what-is-the-fourth-industrial-revolution Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a major role in the rapid development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. AI technologies are enabling the automation of many processes

that were previously carried out by humans or machines, which has greatly increased the speed, efficiency, and accuracy of these processes. Automation is one of the main contributions of AI to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, as it has

greatly increased the productivity of businesses and industries, while reducing the cost of production and improving the quality of products.

References:

https://www.bcs.org/more/certifications/foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence/

https://www.apmg-international.com/en-gb/courses/fourth-industrial-revolution/fourth-industrial-revolution-foundation-and-certification/

Correct Answer: A

Humans use their intelligence to manipulate their environment in order to achieve their objectives and complete their mission. This can involve a wide range of activities, such as building tools, constructing shelters, and creating strategies to

solve problems.

References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/ai/certificate/ and APMG International, https://www.apmg- international.com/qualifications/artificial-intelligence-foundation-certificate.

Correct Answer: C

ParaView is an open-source, multi-platform visualization application that allows large data sets to be visualized on a parallel computer. ParaView uses a variety of techniques to visualize data, including contour plots, which are useful for

visualizing 3D data sets. Contour plots are created by plotting a set of curves connecting points of equal value, with each curve representing a particular value. This allows 3D data sets to be visualized in a 2D format, making it easier to

understand the data.

References:

[1] BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, Page number 19

[2] APMG International, "What is ParaView?", https://apmg- international.com/en/blog/what-is-paraview/

[3] EXIN, "What is ParaView?", https://www.exin.com/blog/what-is-paraview/

Correct Answer: B

Professor David Chalmers described consciousness as having two questions: "What is it like to be conscious?" and "Can machines be conscious?". The first question, "What is it like to be conscious?", is an attempt to understand what it is like to experience the subjective aspects of consciousness, such as feeling, emotion, and perception. The second question, "Can machines be conscious?", is an attempt to understand whether or not machines can have the same kinds of subjective experiences as humans. For more information, please see the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide or the resources listed above.

Correct Answer: B

Monotonous and repetitive tasks that require accuracy are best suited to machines. Machines are able to accurately and quickly perform tasks that require little to no creativity, such as data entry or image recognition. This is because machines are able to process large amounts of data quickly and accurately, and are less likely to make mistakes than humans. Additionally, machines are able to process large amounts of data without becoming bored or distracted, making them ideal for tasks that require consistent accuracy. For more information, please see the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide or the resources listed above. Search results: BCS Foundation Certificate in Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, Chapter 4: Machine Learning: https://www.bcs.org/category/19669

Correct Answer: D

Weak Learner: Colloquially, a model that performs slightly better than a naive model.

More formally, the notion has been generalized to multi-class classification and has a different meaning beyond better than 50 percent accuracy. For binary classification, it is well known that the exact requirement for weak learners is to be

better than random guess. [...] Notice that requiring base learners to be better than random guess is too weak for multi-class problems, yet requiring better than 50% accuracy is too stringent.

-Page 46, Ensemble Methods, 2012.

It is based on formal computational learning theory that proposes a class of learning methods that possess weakly learnability, meaning that they perform better than random guessing. Weak learnability is proposed as a simplification of the

more desirable strong learnability, where a learnable achieved arbitrary good classification accuracy. A weaker model of learnability, called weak learnability, drops the requirement that the learner be able to achieve arbitrarily high accuracy; a

weak learning algorithm needs only output an hypothesis that performs slightly better (by an inverse polynomial) than random guessing.

-The Strength of Weak Learnability, 1990.

It is a useful concept as it is often used to describe the capabilities of contributing members of ensemble learning algorithms. For example, sometimes members of a bootstrap aggregation are referred to as weak learners as opposed to

strong, at least in the colloquial meaning of the term.

More specifically, weak learners are the basis for the boosting class of ensemble learning algorithms.

The term boosting refers to a family of algorithms that are able to convert weak learners to strong learners.

https://machinelearningmastery.com/strong-learners-vs-weak-learners-for-ensemble- learning/

The best technique to adopt when a weak learner's hypothesis accuracy is only slightly better than 50% is boosting. Boosting is an ensemble learning technique that combines multiple weak learners (i.e., models with a low accuracy) to create

a more powerful model. Boosting works by iteratively learning a series of weak learners, each of which is slightly better than random guessing. The output of each weak learner is then combined to form a more accurate model. Boosting is a

powerful technique that has been proven to improve the accuracy of a wide range of machine learning tasks. For more information, please see the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide or the resources listed above.

Correct Answer: B

Human-centric trustworthy Al must be continually assessed and monitored in order to ensure that it is behaving in a safe and ethical manner. This includes conducting regular tests and audits to ensure that the Al is functioning as intended, and is not taking any actions or decisions that could potentially harm humans or their environment. References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/ai/certificate/ and APMG International, https:// www.apmg-international.com/qualifications/artificial-intelligence-foundation-certificate.

Correct Answer: C

Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are a method of estimating the technology maturity of Critical Technology Elements (CTE) of a program during the acquisition process.

https://acqnotes.com/acqnote/tasks/technology-readiness- level#:~:text=Technology%20Development,Technology%20Readiness%20Level%20(TRL),program%20during%20the%20acquisition %20process.

TRL stands for Technology Readiness Level and is a measure of how close a technology is to being ready for use in a real-world environment. TRL is used to assess the progress of research and development of a technology, ranging from

basic research (TRL 1) to fully operational (TRL 9). TRL is used to help determine the level of completion of a technology and its potential success in a real-world environment.

References:

[1] https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/foundation-certificate-ai-syllabus-v1.pdf

[2] https://www.apmg-international.com/en/qualifications-and-certifications/bc-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence/

[3] https://www.exin.com/en/certifications/bc-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence/

[4] https://www.acq.osd.mil/rd/nii/trl.html

Correct Answer: C

One of the main advantages of a machine-based system is its ability to reliably and accurately undertake monotonous and repetitive tasks. This is especially useful for tasks that require a high level of accuracy and precision, such as data

entry or analysis. Machine-based systems are also able to process large amounts of data quickly, meaning that they are able to complete tasks more quickly and efficiently than humans. Additionally, machine-based systems can be

programmed to take certain decisions and actions based on the input data, allowing them to automate certain processes without the need for human intervention.

References:

BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (2019), AI Systems, Chapter 8. https://www.apmg-international.com/en/al-adoption/advantages-of-al/

Correct Answer: A

Splitting data into training and test data sets is an important step in the machine learning data preparation process. This process involves splitting the data into subsets, usually in a 70:30 ratio, to create a training set and a test set. The training set is used to train the machine learning model, while the test set is used to evaluate the model's performance. This process allows for the model to be tested and evaluated on data that it has not seen before, in order to ensure that it is accurate and able to generalize to new data. References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/certifications/foundation-certificates/artificial-intelligence/